Business Processes
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Definitions
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General
Note: Business Process is a collection of interrelated tasks, which solve a particular issue.
Davenport
Note: a structured, measured set of activities designed to produce a specific output for a particular customer or market. It implies a strong emphasis on how work is done within an organization, in contrast to a product focus’s emphasis on what. A process is thus a specific ordering of work activities across time and space, with a beginning and an end, and clearly defined inputs and outputs: a structure for action. ... Taking a process approach implies adopting the customer’s point of view. Processes are the structure by which an organization does what is necessary to produce value for its customers.
Hammer & Champy’s
Note: A collection of activities that takes one or more kinds of input and creates an output that is of value to the customer.
Rummler & Brache
Note: A business process is a series of steps designed to produce a product or service. Most processes (...) are cross-functional, spanning the ‘white space’ between the boxes on the organization chart. Some processes result in a product or service that is received by an organization's external customer. We call these primary processes. Other processes produce products that are invisible to the external customer but essential to the effective management of the business. We call these support processes.
Johansson
Note: A set of linked activities that take an input and transform it to create an output. Ideally, the transformation that occurs in the process should add value to the input and create an output that is more useful and effective to the recipient either upstream or downstream.
Types of Processes
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Management
Type: Process Types
Note: The processes that govern the operation of a system.
Corporate Governance
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Strategic Management
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Operational
Type: Process Types
Note: The processes that create the primary value stream, they are part of the core business.
Purchasing
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Manufacturing
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Marketing
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Sales
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Supporting
Type: Process Types
Note: These processes support the core processes.
Accounting
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Recruitment
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IT-support
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Characteristics
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Definability
Space: Emphasis
Note: It must have clearly defined boundaries, input and output.
Order
Note: It must consist of activities that are ordered according to their position in time and space.
Customer
Note: There must be a recipient of the process' outcome, a customer.
Value-adding
Space: Emphasis
Note: The transformation taking place within the process must add value to the recipient, either upstream or downstream.
Embeddedness
Space: Emphasis
Note: A process can not exist in itself, it must be embedded in an organizational structure.
Cross-functionality
Space: Emphasis
Note: A process regularly can, but not necessarily must, span several functions.
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